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} function hydrate(id){ const url=buildUrl(id); input.value=url; const enc=encodeURIComponent(url); const text=encodeURIComponent(document.title); if(twitter) twitter.href=`https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=${enc}&text=${text}`; if(linkedin) linkedin.href=`https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=${enc}`; if(facebook) facebook.href=`https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=${enc}`; } function openModal(id){ lastFocus=document.activeElement; hydrate(id); if(!isOpen()){ modal.removeAttribute('hidden'); } requestAnimationFrame(()=>{ input.focus(); }); trapFocus(); } function closeModal(){ if(!isOpen()) return; modal.setAttribute('hidden',''); if(lastFocus && typeof lastFocus.focus==='function') lastFocus.focus(); } function copyCurrent(){ try{ navigator.clipboard.writeText(input.value).then(()=>feedback(true),()=>fallback()); } catch(e){ fallback(); } } function fallback(){ input.select(); try{ document.execCommand('copy'); feedback(true);}catch(e){ feedback(false);} } function feedback(ok){ if(!copyBtn) return; const icon=copyBtn.querySelector('i'); if(!icon) return; const prev=copyBtn.getAttribute('data-prev')||icon.className; if(!copyBtn.getAttribute('data-prev')) copyBtn.setAttribute('data-prev',prev); icon.className= ok ? 'fa-duotone fa-clipboard-check':'fa-duotone fa-circle-exclamation'; setTimeout(()=>{ icon.className=prev; },1800); } function handleShareClick(e){ e.preventDefault(); const btn=e.currentTarget; const id=btn.getAttribute('data-share-target'); if(id) openModal(id); } function bindShareButtons(){ document.querySelectorAll('.h-share').forEach(btn=>{ if(!btn.dataset.hShareBound){ btn.addEventListener('click', handleShareClick); btn.dataset.hShareBound='1'; } }); } bindShareButtons(); if(document.readyState==='loading'){ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', bindShareButtons); } else { requestAnimationFrame(bindShareButtons); } document.addEventListener('click', function(e){ const shareBtn=e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.h-share'); if(shareBtn && !shareBtn.dataset.hShareBound){ handleShareClick.call(shareBtn, e); } }, true); document.addEventListener('click', e=>{ if(e.target===modal) closeModal(); if(e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.hsm-close')){ e.preventDefault(); closeModal(); } if(copyBtn && (e.target===copyBtn || (e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.hsm-copy')))) { e.preventDefault(); copyCurrent(); } }); document.addEventListener('keydown', e=>{ if(e.key==='Escape' && isOpen()) closeModal(); }); function trapFocus(){ if(trapBound) return; trapBound=true; modal.addEventListener('keydown', f=>{ if(f.key==='Tab' && isOpen()){ const focusable=[...modal.querySelectorAll('a[href],button,input,textarea,select,[tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])')].filter(el=>!el.hasAttribute('disabled')); if(!focusable.length) return; const first=focusable[0]; const last=focusable[focusable.length-1]; if(f.shiftKey && document.activeElement===first){ f.preventDefault(); last.focus(); } else if(!f.shiftKey && document.activeElement===last){ f.preventDefault(); first.focus(); } } }); } if(closeBtn) closeBtn.addEventListener('click', e=>{ e.preventDefault(); closeModal(); }); })(); </script><p>While Geode uses ISO/IEC 39075:2024 Graph Query Language (GQL) as its native query language, it can be seamlessly integrated with GraphQL to provide a modern API layer for frontend applications. This integration enables developers to leverage GraphQL&rsquo;s type system and tooling while benefiting from Geode&rsquo;s powerful graph capabilities.</p> <h3 id="graphql-vs-gql" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>GraphQL vs GQL</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="graphql-vs-gql" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: GraphQL vs GQL"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><p>It&rsquo;s important to understand the distinction between GraphQL and GQL:</p> <ul> <li><strong>GraphQL</strong>: An API query language and runtime for APIs, designed by Facebook for frontend-backend communication</li> <li><strong>GQL (Graph Query Language)</strong>: An ISO standard database query language for property graph databases (ISO/IEC 39075:2024)</li> </ul> <p>While they share similar names and both deal with graph structures, they serve different purposes. This guide shows how to integrate them effectively.</p> <h3 id="architecture-overview" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Architecture Overview</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="architecture-overview" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Architecture Overview"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><p>A typical Geode + GraphQL architecture includes:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span class="line"><span class="cl">Frontend (React/Vue/Angular) </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> ↓ (GraphQL Queries) </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">GraphQL Server (Apollo/Graphene) </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> ↓ (Resolvers) </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Geode Client Library </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> ↓ (GQL Queries via QUIC) </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Geode Database </span></span></code></pre></div><p>The GraphQL server acts as an API gateway, translating GraphQL queries into GQL queries for Geode.</p> <h3 id="schema-mapping" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Schema Mapping</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="schema-mapping" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Schema Mapping"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="geode-graph-model-to-graphql-schema" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Geode Graph Model to GraphQL Schema</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="geode-graph-model-to-graphql-schema" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Geode Graph Model to GraphQL Schema"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Map Geode&rsquo;s property graph model to GraphQL types:</p> <p><strong>Geode Graph Model</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">//</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">labels</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Post</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Comment</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">//</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Relationship</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="nc">s</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">AUTHORED</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">COMMENTED_ON</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">FOLLOWS</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">u</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">AUTHORED</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">u</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Corresponding GraphQL Schema</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-graphql" data-lang="graphql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">id</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">username</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">email</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">createdAt</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">DateTime</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># Relationships</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">posts</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">comments</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">Comment</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">followers</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">following</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">id</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">title</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">content</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">createdAt</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">DateTime</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># Relationships</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">author</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">comments</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">Comment</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Comment</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">id</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">content</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">createdAt</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">DateTime</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># Relationships</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">author</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">post</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Query</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">id</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">users</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">limit</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">offset</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">id</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">posts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">limit</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">offset</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="c"># Graph traversal queries</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">userFriends</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">userId</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">depth</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">recommendedPosts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">userId</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">limit</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Mutation</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">createUser</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">input</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">CreateUserInput</span><span class="p">!):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">createPost</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">input</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">CreatePostInput</span><span class="p">!):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">createComment</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">input</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">CreateCommentInput</span><span class="p">!):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Comment</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">followUser</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">userId</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">targetUserId</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Boolean</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">input</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">CreateUserInput</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">username</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">email</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">input</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">CreatePostInput</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">authorId</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">title</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">content</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">input</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">CreateCommentInput</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">authorId</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">postId</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">ID</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">content</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="resolver-implementation" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Resolver Implementation</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="resolver-implementation" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Resolver Implementation"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="nodejs-with-apollo-server" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Node.js with Apollo Server</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="nodejs-with-apollo-server" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Node.js with Apollo Server"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">ApolloServer</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;apollo-server&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">createClient</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;@geodedb/client&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Initialize Geode client </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">geode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">createClient</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;quic://localhost:3141&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">resolvers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">Query</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">user</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">rows</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queryAll</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (u:User {id: $id}) RETURN u&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">params</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">u</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">users</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">limit</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">offset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">rows</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queryAll</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (u:User) RETURN u SKIP $offset LIMIT $limit&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">params</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">limit</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">u</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">userFriends</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">userId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">depth</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">rows</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queryAll</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="sb">`MATCH (u:User {id: $userId})-[:FOLLOWS*1..$depth]-&gt;(friend:User) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> RETURN DISTINCT friend`</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">params</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">userId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">depth</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">friend</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">recommendedPosts</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">userId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">limit</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1">// Complex graph algorithm for recommendations </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">rows</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">queryAll</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="sb">`MATCH (u:User {id: $userId})-[:FOLLOWS]-&gt;(friend:User)-[:AUTHORED]-&gt;(p:Post) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> WHERE NOT (u)-[:AUTHORED]-&gt;(p) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> RETURN p, COUNT(DISTINCT friend) AS score </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> ORDER BY score DESC </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> LIMIT $limit`</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">params</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">userId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">limit</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">Mutation</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">createUser</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">input</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="sb">`CREATE (u:User { </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> id: randomUUID(), </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> username: $username, </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> email: $email, </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> createdAt: datetime() </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> }) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> RETURN u`</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">input</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">u</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">createPost</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">input</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="sb">`MATCH (author:User {id: $authorId}) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> CREATE (p:Post { </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> id: randomUUID(), </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> title: $title, </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> content: $content, </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> createdAt: datetime() </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> }) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> CREATE (author)-[:AUTHORED]-&gt;(p) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> RETURN p`</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">input</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">followUser</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">userId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">targetUserId</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="sb">`MATCH (u:User {id: $userId}), (target:User {id: $targetUserId}) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> MERGE (u)-[:FOLLOWS]-&gt;(target)`</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">userId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">targetUserId</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1">// Field resolvers for relationships </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span> <span class="nx">User</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">posts</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (u:User {id: $id})-[:AUTHORED]-&gt;(p:Post) RETURN p&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">id</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">followers</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (follower:User)-[:FOLLOWS]-&gt;(u:User {id: $id}) RETURN follower&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">id</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">follower</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">following</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (u:User {id: $id})-[:FOLLOWS]-&gt;(following:User) RETURN following&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">id</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">following</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">Post</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">author</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">post</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (u:User)-[:AUTHORED]-&gt;(p:Post {id: $id}) RETURN u&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">id</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">post</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">u</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">comments</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">post</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (c:Comment)-[:COMMENTED_ON]-&gt;(p:Post {id: $id}) RETURN c&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">id</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">post</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">};</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">ApolloServer</span><span class="p">({</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">typeDefs</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">resolvers</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">context</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">({</span> <span class="nx">req</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">({</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1">// Pass authentication context </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span> <span class="nx">userId</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">req</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;x-user-id&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">})</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">});</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">server</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">listen</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="nx">then</span><span class="p">(({</span> <span class="nx">url</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`GraphQL server running at </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">url</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">});</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="python-with-graphene" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Python with Graphene</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="python-with-graphene" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Python with Graphene"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">graphene</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">geode_client</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Client</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">datetime</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">datetime</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">asyncio</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Client</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;localhost:3141&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ObjectType</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nb">id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ID</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">username</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">email</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">created_at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DateTime</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">posts</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Post</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">followers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">User</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">following</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">User</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">resolve_posts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (u:User {id: $id})-[:AUTHORED]-&gt;(p:Post) RETURN p&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;id&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;p&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">resolve_followers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (follower:User)-[:FOLLOWS]-&gt;(u:User {id: $id}) RETURN follower&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;id&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;follower&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ObjectType</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nb">id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ID</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">title</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">content</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">created_at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DateTime</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">author</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Field</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">comments</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Comment</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">resolve_author</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (u:User)-[:AUTHORED]-&gt;(p:Post {id: $id}) RETURN u&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;id&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">User</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rows</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;u&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="kc">None</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Comment</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ObjectType</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nb">id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ID</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">content</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">created_at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DateTime</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">author</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Field</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">post</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Field</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Post</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ObjectType</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">user</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Field</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">required</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">))</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">users</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">limit</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Int</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">offset</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Int</span><span class="p">())</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">user_friends</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">User</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">user_id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">required</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">),</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">depth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Int</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">resolve_user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (u:User {id: $id}) RETURN u&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;id&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">User</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rows</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;u&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="kc">None</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">resolve_users</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">limit</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">offset</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (u:User) RETURN u SKIP $offset LIMIT $limit&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;offset&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&#34;limit&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">limit</span><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;u&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">resolve_user_friends</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">user_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">depth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;&#34;MATCH (u:User {id: $user_id})-[:FOLLOWS*1..$depth]-&gt;(friend:User) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> RETURN DISTINCT friend&#34;&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;user_id&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">user_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&#34;depth&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">depth</span><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;friend&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CreateUserInput</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">InputObjectType</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">username</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">required</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">email</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">required</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CreateUser</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Mutation</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Arguments</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nb">input</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">CreateUserInput</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">required</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">user</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Field</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mutate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;&#34;&#34;CREATE (u:User { </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> id: randomUUID(), </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> username: $username, </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> email: $email, </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> createdAt: datetime() </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> }) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> RETURN u&#34;&#34;&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;username&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">input</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">username</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&#34;email&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">input</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">CreateUser</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">user</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rows</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;u&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Mutation</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ObjectType</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">create_user</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">CreateUser</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Field</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">schema</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">graphene</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mutation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Mutation</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="dataloader-pattern-for-n1-prevention" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>DataLoader Pattern for N&#43;1 Prevention</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="dataloader-pattern-for-n1-prevention" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: DataLoader Pattern for N&amp;#43;1 Prevention"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><p>Use DataLoader to batch and cache Geode queries:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">DataLoader</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;dataloader&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Batch load users by IDs </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">userLoader</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">DataLoader</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">userIds</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (u:User) WHERE u.id IN $ids RETURN u.id AS id, u&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">ids</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">userIds</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">userMap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">Map</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">u</span><span class="p">])</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">userIds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">userMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="p">));</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">});</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Batch load posts by user IDs </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">postsByUserLoader</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">DataLoader</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">userIds</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="sb">`MATCH (u:User)-[:AUTHORED]-&gt;(p:Post) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> WHERE u.id IN $ids </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> RETURN u.id AS userId, COLLECT(p) AS posts`</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">ids</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">userIds</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">postsMap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">Map</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">userId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">posts</span><span class="p">])</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">userIds</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">postsMap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="p">[]);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">});</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Use in resolvers </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">resolvers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">Post</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">author</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">post</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">userLoader</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">post</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">authorId</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">User</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">posts</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">postsByUserLoader</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">};</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="real-time-subscriptions" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Real-time Subscriptions</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="real-time-subscriptions" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Real-time Subscriptions"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><p>Implement GraphQL subscriptions using Geode&rsquo;s change streams:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">PubSub</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;graphql-subscriptions&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">pubsub</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">PubSub</span><span class="p">();</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// Listen to Geode change stream </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="kr">async</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="nx">startChangeStream</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">stream</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">changeStream</span><span class="p">({</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">patterns</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;(n:Post)&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;(n:Comment)&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">});</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">change</span> <span class="k">of</span> <span class="nx">stream</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">change</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">label</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Post&#39;</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">change</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">operation</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="s1">&#39;CREATE&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">pubsub</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">publish</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;POST_CREATED&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">postCreated</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">change</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span> <span class="p">});</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">change</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">label</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Comment&#39;</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nx">change</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">operation</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="s1">&#39;CREATE&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">pubsub</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">publish</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;COMMENT_ADDED&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">commentAdded</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">change</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span> <span class="p">});</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">startChangeStream</span><span class="p">();</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1">// GraphQL subscription types </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">typeDefs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="sb">` </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> type Subscription { </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> postCreated: Post! </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> commentAdded(postId: ID!): Comment! </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> } </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">resolvers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">Subscription</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">postCreated</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">subscribe</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">pubsub</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">asyncIterator</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="s1">&#39;POST_CREATED&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">},</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">commentAdded</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">subscribe</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">withFilter</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">pubsub</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">asyncIterator</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="s1">&#39;COMMENT_ADDED&#39;</span><span class="p">]),</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">payload</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">variables</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">payload</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">commentAdded</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">postId</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="nx">variables</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">postId</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">};</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="pagination-patterns" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Pagination Patterns</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="pagination-patterns" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Pagination Patterns"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="offset-based-pagination" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Offset-based Pagination</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="offset-based-pagination" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Offset-based Pagination"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-graphql" data-lang="graphql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Query</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">posts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">limit</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">offset</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PostConnection</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PostConnection</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">nodes</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">totalCount</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">pageInfo</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PageInfo</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PageInfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">hasNextPage</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Boolean</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">hasPreviousPage</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Boolean</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div><p>Implementation:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">posts</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">limit</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">offset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">dataResult</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">countResult</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nb">Promise</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">all</span><span class="p">([</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (p:Post) RETURN p SKIP $offset LIMIT $limit&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">offset</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">limit</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">),</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;MATCH (p:Post) RETURN COUNT(p) AS total&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">]);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">totalCount</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">countResult</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">total</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">nodes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">dataResult</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">totalCount</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">pageInfo</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">hasNextPage</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">offset</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nx">limit</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="nx">totalCount</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">hasPreviousPage</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">offset</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">};</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="cursor-based-pagination-relay" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Cursor-based Pagination (Relay)</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="cursor-based-pagination-relay" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Cursor-based Pagination (Relay)"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-graphql" data-lang="graphql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Query</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">posts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">first</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">after</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PostConnection</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PostConnection</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">edges</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">PostEdge</span><span class="p">!]!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">pageInfo</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PageInfo</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PostEdge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">node</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Post</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">cursor</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PageInfo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">hasNextPage</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Boolean</span><span class="p">!</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">endCursor</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div><p>Implementation:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">posts</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">first</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">after</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">afterClause</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">after</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="sb">`WHERE p.createdAt &lt; datetime($after)`</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="sb">`MATCH (p:Post) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">afterClause</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> RETURN p </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> ORDER BY p.createdAt DESC </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> LIMIT </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">first</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">after</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">after</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">posts</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">hasNextPage</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">posts</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="nx">first</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">edges</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">posts</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">slice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">first</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">post</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">({</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">node</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">post</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">cursor</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">post</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createdAt</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}));</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">pageInfo</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">hasNextPage</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">endCursor</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">edges</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">cursor</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">};</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="performance-optimization" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Performance Optimization</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="performance-optimization" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Performance Optimization"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="query-complexity-analysis" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Query Complexity Analysis</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="query-complexity-analysis" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Query Complexity Analysis"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Limit expensive graph traversals:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">createComplexityLimitRule</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;graphql-validation-complexity&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">ApolloServer</span><span class="p">({</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">validationRules</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">createComplexityLimitRule</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">scalarCost</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">objectCost</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">listFactor</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">10</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">})</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">});</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="field-level-caching" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Field-level Caching</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="field-level-caching" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Field-level Caching"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Cache expensive graph computations:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-javascript" data-lang="javascript"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">resolvers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">User</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">recommendedFriends</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kr">async</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">cache</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">cacheKey</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="sb">`user:</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">:recommended`</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nx">cached</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">cache</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cacheKey</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cached</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">cached</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="sb">`MATCH (u:User {id: $userId})-[:FOLLOWS*2..3]-&gt;(recommended:User) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> WHERE NOT (u)-[:FOLLOWS]-&gt;(recommended) </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> RETURN recommended, COUNT(*) AS score </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> ORDER BY score DESC </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="sb"> LIMIT 10`</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">userId</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nx">user</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">id</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">const</span> <span class="nx">recommendations</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">row</span> <span class="p">=&gt;</span> <span class="nx">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">recommended</span><span class="p">);</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kr">await</span> <span class="nx">cache</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cacheKey</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">recommendations</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">ttl</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">300</span> <span class="p">});</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">recommendations</span><span class="p">;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">};</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="best-practices" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Best Practices</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="best-practices" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Best Practices"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><ol> <li><strong>Schema Design</strong>: Design GraphQL schema to match your frontend needs, not necessarily your Geode schema</li> <li><strong>Batch Queries</strong>: Use DataLoader to batch Geode queries and prevent N+1 problems</li> <li><strong>Pagination</strong>: Implement proper pagination for large result sets</li> <li><strong>Caching</strong>: Cache expensive graph computations at the resolver level</li> <li><strong>Error Handling</strong>: Translate Geode errors to appropriate GraphQL errors</li> <li><strong>Monitoring</strong>: Track resolver performance and Geode query execution time</li> <li><strong>Security</strong>: Implement depth and complexity limits to prevent abuse</li> </ol> <h3 id="related-topics" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Related Topics</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="related-topics" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Related Topics"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><ul> <li><a href="/tags/api/" >API Development</a> - Complete API guide</li> <li><a href="/tags/integration/" >Integration</a> - System integration patterns</li> <li><a href="/tags/client-libraries/" >Client Libraries</a> - Native Geode clients</li> <li><a href="/tags/gql-syntax/" >GQL Syntax</a> - Graph Query Language reference</li> <li><a href="/tags/performance/" >Performance</a> - Query optimization</li> </ul> <h3 id="further-reading" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Further Reading</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="further-reading" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Further Reading"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><ul> <li><a href="https://graphql.org/learn/best-practices/" aria-label="GraphQL Best Practices – opens in new window" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >GraphQL Best Practices <span aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon">↗</span> </a> </li> <li><a href="https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/" aria-label="Apollo Server Documentation – opens in new window" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >Apollo Server Documentation <span aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon">↗</span> </a> </li> <li><a href="https://docs.graphene-python.org/" aria-label="Graphene Documentation – opens in new window" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >Graphene Documentation <span aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon">↗</span> </a> </li> <li><a href="https://github.com/graphql/dataloader" aria-label="DataLoader Pattern – opens in new window" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" >DataLoader Pattern <span aria-hidden="true" class="external-icon">↗</span> </a> </li> <li><a href="/docs/client-libraries/" >Geode Client Libraries</a> - Client integration guides</li> </ul>

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