<!-- CANARY: REQ=REQ-DOCS-001; FEATURE="Docs"; ASPECT=Documentation; STATUS=TESTED; OWNER=docs; UPDATED=2026-01-15 --> <h2 id="developer-guide" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Developer Guide</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="developer-guide" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Developer Guide"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h2><div id="headingShareModal" class="heading-share-modal" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="headingShareTitle" hidden> <div class="hsm-dialog" role="document"> <div class="hsm-header"> <h2 id="headingShareTitle" class="h6 mb-0 fw-bold">Share this section</h2> <button type="button" class="hsm-close" aria-label="Close"> <i class="fa-solid fa-xmark"></i> </button> </div> <div class="hsm-body"> <label for="headingShareInput" class="form-label small text-muted mb-1 text-uppercase fw-bold" style="font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.5px;">Permalink</label> <div class="input-group mb-4 hsm-url-group"> <input id="headingShareInput" type="text" class="form-control font-monospace" readonly aria-readonly="true" style="font-size: 0.85rem;" /> <button class="btn btn-primary hsm-copy" type="button" aria-label="Copy" title="Copy"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-clipboard" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> </div> <div class="small fw-bold mb-2 text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.5px;">Share via</div> <div class="hsm-share-grid"> <a id="share-twitter" class="btn btn-outline-secondary w-100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <i class="fa-brands fa-twitter me-2"></i>Twitter </a> <a id="share-linkedin" class="btn btn-outline-secondary w-100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin me-2"></i>LinkedIn </a> <a id="share-facebook" class="btn btn-outline-secondary w-100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <i class="fa-brands fa-facebook me-2"></i>Facebook </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style> .heading-share-modal { position: fixed; inset: 0; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); z-index: 1050; padding: 1rem; backdrop-filter: blur(4px); -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(4px); } .heading-share-modal[hidden] { display: none !important; } .hsm-dialog { max-width: 420px; width: 100%; background: var(--bs-body-bg, #fff); color: var(--bs-body-color, #212529); border: 1px solid var(--bs-border-color, rgba(0,0,0,0.1)); border-radius: 1rem; box-shadow: 0 25px 50px -12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25); overflow: hidden; animation: hsm-fade-in 0.2s ease-out; } @keyframes hsm-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; transform: scale(0.95); } to { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); } } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-dialog { background: #1e293b; border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); color: #f8f9fa; } .hsm-header { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; padding: 1rem 1.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--bs-border-color, rgba(0,0,0,0.1)); background: rgba(0,0,0,0.02); } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-header { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.02); border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); } .hsm-close { background: transparent; border: none; color: inherit; opacity: 0.5; padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem; border-radius: 0.25rem; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1; transition: opacity 0.2s; } .hsm-close:hover { opacity: 1; } .hsm-body { padding: 1.5rem; } .hsm-url-group { display: flex !important; align-items: stretch; } .hsm-url-group .form-control { flex: 1; min-width: 0; margin: 0; background: var(--bs-secondary-bg, #f8f9fa); border-color: var(--bs-border-color, #dee2e6); border-top-right-radius: 0; border-bottom-right-radius: 0; height: 42px; } .hsm-url-group .btn { flex: 0 0 auto; margin: 0; margin-left: -1px; border-top-left-radius: 0; border-bottom-left-radius: 0; height: 42px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 0 1.25rem; z-index: 2; } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-url-group .form-control { background: #0f172a; border-color: #334155; color: #e2e8f0; } .hsm-share-grid { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem; } .hsm-share-grid .btn { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-size: 0.9rem; padding: 0.6rem; border-color: var(--bs-border-color); width: 100%; } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-share-grid .btn { color: #e2e8f0; border-color: #475569; } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-share-grid .btn:hover { background: #334155; border-color: #cbd5e1; } </style> <script> (function(){ const modal = document.getElementById('headingShareModal'); if(!modal) return; const input = modal.querySelector('#headingShareInput'); const copyBtn = modal.querySelector('.hsm-copy'); const twitter = modal.querySelector('#share-twitter'); const linkedin = modal.querySelector('#share-linkedin'); const facebook = modal.querySelector('#share-facebook'); const closeBtn = modal.querySelector('.hsm-close'); let lastFocus=null; let trapBound=false; function buildUrl(id){ return window.location.origin + window.location.pathname + '#' + id; } function isOpen(){ return !modal.hasAttribute('hidden'); } function hydrate(id){ const url=buildUrl(id); input.value=url; const enc=encodeURIComponent(url); const text=encodeURIComponent(document.title); if(twitter) twitter.href=`https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=${enc}&text=${text}`; if(linkedin) linkedin.href=`https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=${enc}`; if(facebook) facebook.href=`https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=${enc}`; } function openModal(id){ lastFocus=document.activeElement; hydrate(id); if(!isOpen()){ modal.removeAttribute('hidden'); } requestAnimationFrame(()=>{ input.focus(); }); trapFocus(); } function closeModal(){ if(!isOpen()) return; modal.setAttribute('hidden',''); if(lastFocus && typeof lastFocus.focus==='function') lastFocus.focus(); } function copyCurrent(){ try{ navigator.clipboard.writeText(input.value).then(()=>feedback(true),()=>fallback()); } catch(e){ fallback(); } } function fallback(){ input.select(); try{ document.execCommand('copy'); feedback(true);}catch(e){ feedback(false);} } function feedback(ok){ if(!copyBtn) return; const icon=copyBtn.querySelector('i'); if(!icon) return; const prev=copyBtn.getAttribute('data-prev')||icon.className; if(!copyBtn.getAttribute('data-prev')) copyBtn.setAttribute('data-prev',prev); icon.className= ok ? 'fa-duotone fa-clipboard-check':'fa-duotone fa-circle-exclamation'; setTimeout(()=>{ icon.className=prev; },1800); } function handleShareClick(e){ e.preventDefault(); const btn=e.currentTarget; const id=btn.getAttribute('data-share-target'); if(id) openModal(id); } function bindShareButtons(){ document.querySelectorAll('.h-share').forEach(btn=>{ if(!btn.dataset.hShareBound){ btn.addEventListener('click', handleShareClick); btn.dataset.hShareBound='1'; } }); } bindShareButtons(); if(document.readyState==='loading'){ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', bindShareButtons); } else { requestAnimationFrame(bindShareButtons); } document.addEventListener('click', function(e){ const shareBtn=e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.h-share'); if(shareBtn && !shareBtn.dataset.hShareBound){ handleShareClick.call(shareBtn, e); } }, true); document.addEventListener('click', e=>{ if(e.target===modal) closeModal(); if(e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.hsm-close')){ e.preventDefault(); closeModal(); } if(copyBtn && (e.target===copyBtn || (e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.hsm-copy')))) { e.preventDefault(); copyCurrent(); } }); document.addEventListener('keydown', e=>{ if(e.key==='Escape' && isOpen()) closeModal(); }); function trapFocus(){ if(trapBound) return; trapBound=true; modal.addEventListener('keydown', f=>{ if(f.key==='Tab' && isOpen()){ const focusable=[...modal.querySelectorAll('a[href],button,input,textarea,select,[tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])')].filter(el=>!el.hasAttribute('disabled')); if(!focusable.length) return; const first=focusable[0]; const last=focusable[focusable.length-1]; if(f.shiftKey && document.activeElement===first){ f.preventDefault(); last.focus(); } else if(!f.shiftKey && document.activeElement===last){ f.preventDefault(); first.focus(); } } }); } if(closeBtn) closeBtn.addEventListener('click', e=>{ e.preventDefault(); closeModal(); }); })(); </script><p>The complete technical reference for developing applications with Geode graph database. This guide covers API documentation, query syntax, client libraries, architectural patterns, and production best practices for building scalable graph applications.</p> <h3 id="architecture-overview" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Architecture Overview</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="architecture-overview" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Architecture Overview"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><p>Geode is built on modern, production-ready foundations:</p> <p><strong>Core Technology</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Written in Zig for performance and safety</li> <li>QUIC transport with TLS 1.3 encryption</li> <li>Protobuf wire protocol for client-server communication</li> <li>ACID-compliant transaction engine</li> <li>ISO/IEC 39075:2024 GQL standard compliance</li> </ul> <p><strong>Key Components</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Query Parser &amp; Optimizer</li> <li>Storage Engine with MVCC</li> <li>Transaction Manager</li> <li>Security &amp; Authorization Layer</li> <li>Client Protocol Handler</li> </ul> <p><strong>Architecture Characteristics</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Memory-mapped I/O for efficient storage access</li> <li>SIMD-accelerated vector operations</li> <li>Six specialized index types for different workloads</li> </ul> <h3 id="query-language-reference" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Query Language Reference</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="query-language-reference" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Query Language Reference"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="gql-syntax-overview" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>GQL Syntax Overview</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="gql-syntax-overview" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: GQL Syntax Overview"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Graph Query Language (GQL) is a declarative language for querying property graphs. Unlike SQL&rsquo;s table-oriented model, GQL thinks in terms of graph patterns.</p> <h4 id="match-clause" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>MATCH Clause</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="match-clause" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: MATCH Clause"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Find patterns in the graph:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Basic</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">match</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">with</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">property</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">filter</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Match</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">relationship</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">a</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">b</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Multi</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="py">hop</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">traversal</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="err">*</span><span class="py">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">a</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">b</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Variable</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="py">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">with</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">bounds</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="err">*</span><span class="py">1</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="mf">.3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">b</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Undirected</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">matching</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Either</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">direction</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">b</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="create-clause" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>CREATE Clause</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="create-clause" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: CREATE Clause"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Insert nodes and relationships:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Create</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">single</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">node</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">age</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">30</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Create</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">multiple</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">}),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Bob</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Create</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">with</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">relationship</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Bob</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Create</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">relationship</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">between</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">existing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Bob</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">since</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">2020</span><span class="p">}]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="set-clause" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>SET Clause</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="set-clause" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: SET Clause"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Update properties:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">single</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">property</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">SET</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">age</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">31</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">multiple</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">properties</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">SET</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">age</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">31</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">city</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="py">NYC</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">updated_at</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">timestamp</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Add</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">properties</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">SET</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">+</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">email</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">alice</span><span class="nd">@example</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">com</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">verified</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">true</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="delete-clause" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>DELETE Clause</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="delete-clause" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: DELETE Clause"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Remove nodes and relationships:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">relationship</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="py">r</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">a</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="py">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">AND</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">b</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="py">Bob</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">DELETE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">r</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">must</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">have</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">no</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">relationships</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">DELETE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">and</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">all</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">relationships</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">DETACH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">DELETE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="where-clause" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>WHERE Clause</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="where-clause" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: WHERE Clause"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Filter results:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Property</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">comparison</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">age</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">25</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Multiple</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">conditions</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">age</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">25</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">AND</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">city</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="py">NYC</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">IN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">operator</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">IN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="py">Alice</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="py">Bob</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="py">Carol</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Pattern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">predicate</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">EXISTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">city</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">NYC</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">checks</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">email</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">IS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">NULL</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="aggregation" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Aggregation</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="aggregation" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Aggregation"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Compute aggregate values:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Count</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">distinct</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">DISTINCT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">city</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Sum</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Average</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">o</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Order</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">SUM</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">o</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">total</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">AVG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">o</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">total</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Min</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Max</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Product</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MIN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">price</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MAX</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">price</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Group</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">by</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">city</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">residents</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">residents</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">DESC</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Collect</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">into</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">list</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">friend</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">COLLECT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">friend</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">friends</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="subqueries" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Subqueries</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="subqueries" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Subqueries"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Compose complex queries:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Existential</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">subquery</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">EXISTS</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="py">city</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="nc">NYC</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Scalar</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">subquery</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">friend</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">COUNT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">friend</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">friend_count</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">clause</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">chaining</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WITH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">SIZE</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="py">p</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">friend_count</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">friend_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">5</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">p</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">friend_count</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="optional-match" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>OPTIONAL MATCH</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="optional-match" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: OPTIONAL MATCH"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p>Handle nullable patterns:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Optional</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">relationship</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">u</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">OPTIONAL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">u</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">HAS_AVATAR</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">img</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Image</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">u</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">img</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">url</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="err">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Multiple</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">optional</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">patterns</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">u</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">User</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">OPTIONAL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">u</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">HAS_AVATAR</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">img</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Image</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">OPTIONAL</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">u</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">HAS_PROFILE</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">prof</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Profile</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">u</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">img</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">url</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">prof</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">bio</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="client-libraries" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Client Libraries</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="client-libraries" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Client Libraries"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="python-client" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Python Client</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="python-client" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Python Client"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Installation</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">pip install geode-client </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Basic Usage</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">asyncio</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">geode_client</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Client</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">():</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Client</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">host</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&#34;localhost&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">port</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3141</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1"># Execute query</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (p:Person {name: $name}) RETURN p&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&#34;Alice&#34;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1"># Iterate results</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rows</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;p&#39;</span><span class="p">])</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1"># Transactions</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;CREATE (p:Person {name: $name})&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&#34;Bob&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;CREATE (p:Person {name: $name})&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&#34;Carol&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">asyncio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">main</span><span class="p">())</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Connection Pooling</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Client</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;localhost:3141&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pool_size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pool_timeout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Error Handling</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">geode_client</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">QueryError</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">TransactionConflictError</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">TransactionConflictError</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1"># Retry logic</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">pass</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">QueryError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1"># Handle other errors</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_syntax_error</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&#34;Syntax error: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="go-client" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Go Client</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="go-client" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Go Client"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Installation</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">go get geodedb.com/geode </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Basic Usage</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-go" data-lang="go"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s">&#34;database/sql&#34;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">_</span> <span class="s">&#34;geodedb.com/geode&#34;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">err</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">sql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;geode&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#34;quic://localhost:3141&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nx">err</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">err</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">defer</span> <span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Close</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1">// Query </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">err</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;MATCH (p:Person {name: $name}) RETURN p&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">sql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Named</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#34;Alice&#34;</span><span class="p">))</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">defer</span> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Close</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1">// Transaction </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span> <span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">_</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Begin</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Exec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;CREATE (p:Person {name: $name})&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">sql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Named</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#34;Bob&#34;</span><span class="p">))</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Commit</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Connection Pool Configuration</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-go" data-lang="go"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">SetMaxOpenConns</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">SetMaxIdleConns</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">SetConnMaxLifetime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">time</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Hour</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="rust-client" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Rust Client</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="rust-client" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Rust Client"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Installation</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-toml" data-lang="toml"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">dependencies</span><span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">geode-client</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s2">&#34;0.18&#34;</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">tokio</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">version</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s2">&#34;1&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">features</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&#34;full&#34;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">}</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Basic Usage</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-rust" data-lang="rust"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">geode_client</span>::<span class="p">{</span><span class="n">Client</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">params</span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="cp">#[tokio::main]</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="k">async</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt; <span class="nb">Result</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Box</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">dyn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span>::<span class="n">error</span>::<span class="n">Error</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Client</span>::<span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;localhost:3141&#34;</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Query with parameters </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">results</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&#34;MATCH (p:Person {name: $name}) RETURN p&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">params!</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&#34;Alice&#34;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">stream</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">results</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;</span><span class="si">{:?}</span><span class="s">&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span>::<span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nb">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;p.name&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Transaction </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;CREATE (p:Person {name: $name})&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">params!</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&#34;Bob&#34;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}).</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Ok</span><span class="p">(())</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="zig-client" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Zig Client</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="zig-client" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Zig Client"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Usage</strong> (client is vendored in geode-client-zig/):</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-zig" data-lang="zig"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">geode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">@import</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;geode_client&#34;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="kr">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">main</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">gpa</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">GeneralPurposeAllocator</span><span class="p">(.{}){};</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">gpa</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">gpa</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">geode</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">allocator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&#34;localhost&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3141</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">disconnect</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Execute query </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;MATCH (p:Person) RETURN p.name&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.{});</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">defer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deinit</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Process results </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">try</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;p.name&#34;</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">debug</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;Name: {s}</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.{</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">});</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="api-reference" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>API Reference</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="api-reference" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: API Reference"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="connection-management" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Connection Management</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="connection-management" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Connection Management"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Python</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Client</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">address</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&#34;localhost:3141&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">tls_verify</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">pool_size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">pool_timeout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">query_timeout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">60</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Go</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-go" data-lang="go"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">err</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">sql</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;geode&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&#34;quic://user:pass@localhost:3141?tls=true&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Rust</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-rust" data-lang="rust"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Client</span>::<span class="n">builder</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;localhost:3141&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pool_size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">connect_timeout</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Duration</span>::<span class="n">from_secs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="transaction-api" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Transaction API</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="transaction-api" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Transaction API"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Python</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query1</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">sp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">savepoint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;checkpoint&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query2</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rollback_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sp</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query3</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Go</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-go" data-lang="go"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">_</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Begin</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Exec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">query1</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Exec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">query2</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Commit</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1">// or tx.Rollback() </span></span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Rust</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-rust" data-lang="rust"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">params</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">params</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="result-handling" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Result Handling</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="result-handling" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Result Handling"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Python</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Get first row</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Iterate all rows</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rows</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">value</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;column_name&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Get all rows as list</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">rows</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">collect</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Go</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-go" data-lang="go"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">_</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="nx">db</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">query</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">defer</span> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Close</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">for</span> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Next</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">name</span> <span class="kt">string</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">age</span> <span class="kt">int</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="nx">rows</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">Scan</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">age</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">}</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Rust</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-rust" data-lang="rust"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stream</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">params</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">stream</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stream</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="k">await</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">name</span>: <span class="nb">String</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;name&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">age</span>: <span class="kt">i64</span> <span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&#34;age&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="best-practices" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Best Practices</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="best-practices" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Best Practices"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="query-optimization" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Query Optimization</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="query-optimization" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Query Optimization"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Use Parameters</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Good: Prepared statement, safe from injection</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (p:Person {name: $name}) RETURN p&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">user_input</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Bad: String concatenation, vulnerable</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (p:Person </span><span class="se">{{</span><span class="s2">name: &#39;</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">user_input</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&#39;</span><span class="se">}}</span><span class="s2">) RETURN p&#34;</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Create Indexes</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="py">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">INDEX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">ON</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Person</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">email</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">INDEX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">ON</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">Product</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Profile Queries</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="py">PROFILE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">MATCH</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nc">Person</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="err">-</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nc">KNOWS</span><span class="err">*</span><span class="py">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="err">-&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="py">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">a</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">city</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="py">NYC</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="py">RETURN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="py">b</span><span class="err">.</span><span class="py">name</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="transaction-management" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Transaction Management</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="transaction-management" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Transaction Management"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Keep Transactions Short</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Good: focused transaction</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;CREATE (p:Person {name: &#39;Alice&#39;})&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Bad: long-running transaction holding locks</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">item</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">huge_list</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1"># Don&#39;t do this</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&#34;CREATE (p:Person </span><span class="se">{{</span><span class="s2">name: &#39;</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&#39;</span><span class="se">}}</span><span class="s2">)&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Use Savepoints for Complex Operations</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">critical_operation</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">sp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">savepoint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;optional_part&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">optional_operation</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">tx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rollback_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sp</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Keep critical_operation</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="error-handling" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Error Handling</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="error-handling" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Error Handling"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Implement Retry Logic</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">tenacity</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">retry</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stop_after_attempt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">wait_exponential</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nd">@retry</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">stop</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">stop_after_attempt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">wait</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">wait_exponential</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">multiplier</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">execute_with_retry</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">client</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">):</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span> </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Handle Specific Errors</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">geode_client</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">QueryError</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">QueryError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">exc</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">exc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lower</span><span class="p">()</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="s2">&#34;40502&#34;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">message</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1"># Retry this one</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">pass</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="s2">&#34;syntax&#34;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">message</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="c1"># Don&#39;t retry syntax errors</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;Invalid query syntax&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">raise</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">raise</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="production-deployment" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Production Deployment</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="production-deployment" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Production Deployment"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3> <h4 id="configuration" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Configuration</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="configuration" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Configuration"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Server Configuration</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nt">server</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">listen</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.0.0.0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="m">3141</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">max_connections</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10000</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">tls</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">cert_file</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">/etc/geode/server.crt</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">key_file</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">/etc/geode/server.key</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="nt">storage</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">data_dir</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">/var/lib/geode</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">wal_dir</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">/var/lib/geode/wal</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"></span><span class="nt">performance</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">query_timeout</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">60s</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">transaction_timeout</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">300s</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">max_query_memory</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l">1GB</span><span class="w"> </span></span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Client Configuration</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="n">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Client</span><span class="p">(</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">address</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&#34;geode.example.com:3141&#34;</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">tls_verify</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">pool_size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">connect_timeout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="n">query_timeout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">60</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">)</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="monitoring" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Monitoring</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="monitoring" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Monitoring"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Key Metrics</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Query latency (p50, p95, p99)</li> <li>Transaction throughput</li> <li>Connection pool utilization</li> <li>Error rates</li> <li>Memory usage</li> </ul> <p><strong>Health Checks</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nd">@app.get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;/health&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">health</span><span class="p">():</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&#34;MATCH (n) RETURN count(n) LIMIT 1&#34;</span><span class="p">)</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;status&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;healthy&#34;</span><span class="p">}</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&#34;status&#34;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&#34;unhealthy&#34;</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="mi">503</span> </span></span></code></pre></div> <h4 id="backup--recovery" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Backup &amp;amp; Recovery</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="backup--recovery" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Backup &amp;amp; Recovery"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h4><p><strong>Backup Strategy</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Snapshot backup</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">./geode backup --output /backups/geode-<span class="k">$(</span>date +%Y%m%d<span class="k">)</span>.tar.gz </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Continuous WAL archiving</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">./geode wal-archive --destination s3://backups/wal/ </span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>Recovery</strong>:</p> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Restore from snapshot</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">./geode restore --input /backups/geode-20250124.tar.gz </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Point-in-time recovery</span> </span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">./geode restore --snapshot /backups/base.tar.gz --wal /backups/wal/ --target-time 2025-01-24T15:30:00Z </span></span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="related-topics" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> <span>Related Topics</span> <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="related-topics" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Related Topics"> <i class="fa-sharp-duotone fa-solid fa-share-nodes" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: 0.8em;"></i> <span class="visually-hidden">Share link</span> </button> </h3><ul> <li><strong>Tutorials</strong>: Step-by-step learning guides</li> <li><strong>Examples</strong>: Working code samples</li> <li><strong>API Reference</strong>: Complete function documentation</li> <li><strong>Performance Guide</strong>: Optimization techniques</li> <li><strong>Security Guide</strong>: Authentication and authorization</li> </ul>

Related Articles