Data Types Reference | Geode Database

<h2 id="data-types-reference" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Data Types Reference <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="data-types-reference" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Data Types Reference"> Share link </button> </h2><div id="headingShareModal" class="heading-share-modal" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="headingShareTitle" hidden> <div class="hsm-dialog" role="document"> <div class="hsm-header"> <h2 id="headingShareTitle" class="h6 mb-0 fw-bold">Share this section</h2> <button type="button" class="hsm-close" aria-label="Close"> </button> </div> <div class="hsm-body"> <label for="headingShareInput" class="form-label small text-muted mb-1 text-uppercase fw-bold" style="font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.5px;">Permalink</label> <div class="input-group mb-4 hsm-url-group"> <input id="headingShareInput" type="text" class="form-control font-monospace" readonly aria-readonly="true" style="font-size: 0.85rem;" /> <button class="btn btn-primary hsm-copy" type="button" aria-label="Copy" title="Copy"> </button> </div> <div class="small fw-bold mb-2 text-muted text-uppercase" style="font-size: 0.7rem; letter-spacing: 0.5px;">Share via</div> <div class="hsm-share-grid"> <a id="share-twitter" class="btn btn-outline-secondary w-100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> Twitter </a> <a id="share-linkedin" class="btn btn-outline-secondary w-100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> LinkedIn </a> <a id="share-facebook" class="btn btn-outline-secondary w-100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> Facebook </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style> .heading-share-modal { position: fixed; inset: 0; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); z-index: 1050; padding: 1rem; backdrop-filter: blur(4px); -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(4px); } .heading-share-modal[hidden] { display: none !important; } .hsm-dialog { max-width: 420px; width: 100%; background: var(--bs-body-bg, #fff); color: var(--bs-body-color, #212529); border: 1px solid var(--bs-border-color, rgba(0,0,0,0.1)); border-radius: 1rem; box-shadow: 0 25px 50px -12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25); overflow: hidden; animation: hsm-fade-in 0.2s ease-out; } @keyframes hsm-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; transform: scale(0.95); } to { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); } } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-dialog { background: #1e293b; border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); color: #f8f9fa; } .hsm-header { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; padding: 1rem 1.5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--bs-border-color, rgba(0,0,0,0.1)); background: rgba(0,0,0,0.02); } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-header { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.02); border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); } .hsm-close { background: transparent; border: none; color: inherit; opacity: 0.5; padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem; border-radius: 0.25rem; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1; transition: opacity 0.2s; } .hsm-close:hover { opacity: 1; } .hsm-body { padding: 1.5rem; } .hsm-url-group { display: flex !important; align-items: stretch; } .hsm-url-group .form-control { flex: 1; min-width: 0; margin: 0; background: var(--bs-secondary-bg, #f8f9fa); border-color: var(--bs-border-color, #dee2e6); border-top-right-radius: 0; border-bottom-right-radius: 0; height: 42px; } .hsm-url-group .btn { flex: 0 0 auto; margin: 0; margin-left: -1px; border-top-left-radius: 0; border-bottom-left-radius: 0; height: 42px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 0 1.25rem; z-index: 2; } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-url-group .form-control { background: #0f172a; border-color: #334155; color: #e2e8f0; } .hsm-share-grid { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.5rem; } .hsm-share-grid .btn { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-size: 0.9rem; padding: 0.6rem; border-color: var(--bs-border-color); width: 100%; } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-share-grid .btn { color: #e2e8f0; border-color: #475569; } [data-bs-theme="dark"] .hsm-share-grid .btn:hover { background: #334155; border-color: #cbd5e1; } </style> <script> (function(){ const modal = document.getElementById('headingShareModal'); if(!modal) return; 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} requestAnimationFrame(()=>{ input.focus(); }); trapFocus(); } function closeModal(){ if(!isOpen()) return; modal.setAttribute('hidden',''); if(lastFocus && typeof lastFocus.focus==='function') lastFocus.focus(); } function copyCurrent(){ try{ navigator.clipboard.writeText(input.value).then(()=>feedback(true),()=>fallback()); } catch(e){ fallback(); } } function fallback(){ input.select(); try{ document.execCommand('copy'); feedback(true);}catch(e){ feedback(false);} } function feedback(ok){ if(!copyBtn) return; const icon=copyBtn.querySelector('i'); if(!icon) return; const prev=copyBtn.getAttribute('data-prev')||icon.className; if(!copyBtn.getAttribute('data-prev')) copyBtn.setAttribute('data-prev',prev); icon.className= ok ? 'fa-duotone fa-clipboard-check':'fa-duotone fa-circle-exclamation'; setTimeout(()=>{ icon.className=prev; },1800); } function handleShareClick(e){ e.preventDefault(); const btn=e.currentTarget; const id=btn.getAttribute('data-share-target'); if(id) openModal(id); } function bindShareButtons(){ document.querySelectorAll('.h-share').forEach(btn=>{ if(!btn.dataset.hShareBound){ btn.addEventListener('click', handleShareClick); btn.dataset.hShareBound='1'; } }); } bindShareButtons(); if(document.readyState==='loading'){ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', bindShareButtons); } else { requestAnimationFrame(bindShareButtons); } document.addEventListener('click', function(e){ const shareBtn=e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.h-share'); if(shareBtn && !shareBtn.dataset.hShareBound){ handleShareClick.call(shareBtn, e); } }, true); document.addEventListener('click', e=>{ if(e.target===modal) closeModal(); if(e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.hsm-close')){ e.preventDefault(); closeModal(); } if(copyBtn && (e.target===copyBtn || (e.target.closest && e.target.closest('.hsm-copy')))) { e.preventDefault(); copyCurrent(); } }); document.addEventListener('keydown', e=>{ if(e.key==='Escape' && isOpen()) closeModal(); }); function trapFocus(){ if(trapBound) return; trapBound=true; modal.addEventListener('keydown', f=>{ if(f.key==='Tab' && isOpen()){ const focusable=[...modal.querySelectorAll('a[href],button,input,textarea,select,[tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])')].filter(el=>!el.hasAttribute('disabled')); if(!focusable.length) return; const first=focusable[0]; const last=focusable[focusable.length-1]; if(f.shiftKey && document.activeElement===first){ f.preventDefault(); last.focus(); } else if(!f.shiftKey && document.activeElement===last){ f.preventDefault(); first.focus(); } } }); } if(closeBtn) closeBtn.addEventListener('click', e=>{ e.preventDefault(); closeModal(); }); })(); </script>Geode provides 50+ specialized data types optimized for different use cases. This reference documents all types, their constructors, storage characteristics, and indexing recommendations. <h3 id="type-system-overview" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Type System Overview <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="type-system-overview" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Type System Overview"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="type-categories" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Type Categories <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="type-categories" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Type Categories"> Share link </button> </h4><table> <thead> <tr> <th>Category</th> <th>Types</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Core</td> <td>NULL, BOOLEAN, INTEGER, FLOAT, STRING, BYTES</td> <td>Fundamental types</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Numeric</td> <td>INT8-INT64, FLOAT32-FLOAT64, DECIMAL</td> <td>Precision-specific numerics</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Temporal</td> <td>DATE, TIME, TIMESTAMP, ZONED_DATETIME, DURATION, INTERVAL</td> <td>Date and time</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Collection</td> <td>LIST, MAP, SET</td> <td>Compound types</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Vector</td> <td>VECTOR_F32, VECTOR_I32</td> <td>ML embeddings</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Geographic</td> <td>LATLON, GEOPOINT, POLYGON</td> <td>Spatial data</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Network</td> <td>IPADDR, SUBNET, MACADDR</td> <td>Network addressing</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Structured</td> <td>JSON, JSONB</td> <td>Semi-structured data</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Identity</td> <td>UUID, HASH</td> <td>Unique identifiers</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Financial</td> <td>MONEY, BIGDECIMAL</td> <td>Exact decimals</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <hr> <h3 id="core-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Core Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="core-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Core Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="null" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> NULL <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="null" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: NULL"> Share link </button> </h4>Represents the absence of a value. <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- NULL literal RETURN null AS empty; -- NULL check MATCH (p:Person) WHERE p.middle_name IS NULL RETURN p.name; -- NULL coalescing RETURN coalesce(p.nickname, p.name) AS display_name; </code></pre></div>Properties: <ul> <li>NULL propagates through most operations</li> <li>NULL = NULL evaluates to NULL (not true)</li> <li>Use <code>IS NULL</code> / <code>IS NOT NULL</code> for comparisons</li> </ul> <hr> <h4 id="boolean" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> BOOLEAN <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="boolean" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: BOOLEAN"> Share link </button> </h4>Logical true/false values. Storage: 1 byte <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Literals CREATE (:User {active: true, verified: false}); -- Boolean operations MATCH (u:User) WHERE u.active AND NOT u.deleted RETURN u.name; -- Boolean expressions MATCH (p:Person) RETURN p.name, p.age >= 18 AS is_adult; </code></pre></div>Constructor: <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">toBoolean('true') -- true toBoolean('false') -- false toBoolean(1) -- true toBoolean(0) -- false </code></pre></div><hr> <h4 id="integer" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> INTEGER <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="integer" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: INTEGER"> Share link </button> </h4>Whole numbers (default 64-bit signed). Storage: Variable (1-8 bytes based on value) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Literals CREATE (:Product {id: 42, stock: 1000, price_cents: 1999}); -- Arithmetic RETURN 10 + 5 * 3 AS result; -- 25 -- Integer division RETURN 7 / 2 AS quotient; -- 3 (truncates) </code></pre></div>Constructor: <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">toInteger('42') -- 42 toInteger(3.7) -- 3 (truncates) toInteger(true) -- 1 </code></pre></div>Range: -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 <hr> <h4 id="float" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> FLOAT <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="float" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: FLOAT"> Share link </button> </h4>Floating-point numbers (IEEE 754 double precision). Storage: 8 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Literals CREATE (:Measurement {value: 3.14159, tolerance: 0.001}); -- Scientific notation RETURN 1.5e10 AS large_number; -- Arithmetic RETURN 7.0 / 2 AS division; -- 3.5 </code></pre></div>Constructor: <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">toFloat('3.14') -- 3.14 toFloat(42) -- 42.0 </code></pre></div>Special values: <code>Infinity</code>, <code>-Infinity</code>, <code>NaN</code> <hr> <h4 id="string" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> STRING <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="string" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: STRING"> Share link </button> </h4>UTF-8 encoded text. Storage: Variable (length prefix + UTF-8 bytes) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Literals CREATE (:Person {name: 'Alice', bio: "Software engineer"}); -- Concatenation RETURN 'Hello' || ' ' || 'World' AS greeting; -- String functions RETURN upper('hello') AS uppercase; -- 'HELLO' RETURN substring('hello', 0, 3) AS sub; -- 'hel' RETURN length('hello') AS len; -- 5 </code></pre></div>Constructor: <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">toString(42) -- '42' toString(3.14) -- '3.14' toString(true) -- 'true' toString(date('2026-01-28')) -- '2026-01-28' </code></pre></div>Escapes: <code>\n</code>, <code>\t</code>, <code>\\</code>, <code>\'</code>, <code>\"</code> <hr> <h4 id="bytes" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> BYTES <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="bytes" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: BYTES"> Share link </button> </h4>Raw binary data. Storage: Variable (length prefix + raw bytes) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Hex literal CREATE (:File {data: '\\x48656c6c6f'::bytea}); -- Base64 (if supported) CREATE (:File {data: base64_decode('SGVsbG8=')}); -- Length MATCH (f:File) RETURN length(f.data) AS bytes; </code></pre></div>Constructor: <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">'\\x48656c6c6f'::bytea -- Hex encoding bytes_from_hex('48656c6c6f') </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="numeric-types-precision-specific" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Numeric Types (Precision-Specific) <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="numeric-types-precision-specific" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Numeric Types (Precision-Specific)"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="integer-variants" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Integer Variants <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="integer-variants" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Integer Variants"> Share link </button> </h4><table> <thead> <tr> <th>Type</th> <th>Storage</th> <th>Range</th> <th>Use Case</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>INT8</code></td> <td>1 byte</td> <td>-128 to 127</td> <td>Small counters</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>INT16</code></td> <td>2 bytes</td> <td>-32,768 to 32,767</td> <td>Medium counters</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>INT32</code></td> <td>4 bytes</td> <td>-2.1B to 2.1B</td> <td>Default integer</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>INT64</code></td> <td>8 bytes</td> <td>-9.2Q to 9.2Q</td> <td>Large IDs</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Explicit constructors RETURN int8(127) AS i8; RETURN int16(32000) AS i16; RETURN int32(2000000) AS i32; RETURN int64(9000000000000) AS i64; </code></pre></div> <h4 id="float-variants" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Float Variants <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="float-variants" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Float Variants"> Share link </button> </h4><table> <thead> <tr> <th>Type</th> <th>Storage</th> <th>Precision</th> <th>Use Case</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>FLOAT32</code></td> <td>4 bytes</td> <td>~7 digits</td> <td>Approximate decimals</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>FLOAT64</code></td> <td>8 bytes</td> <td>~15 digits</td> <td>High-precision decimals</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">RETURN float32(3.14) AS f32; RETURN float64(3.14159265358979) AS f64; </code></pre></div> <h4 id="decimal--bigdecimal" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> DECIMAL / BIGDECIMAL <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="decimal--bigdecimal" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: DECIMAL / BIGDECIMAL"> Share link </button> </h4>Arbitrary-precision decimal numbers. Storage: Variable <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Exact decimal arithmetic CREATE (:Account {balance: decimal('1234567.89')}); -- No floating-point errors RETURN decimal('0.1') + decimal('0.2') AS sum; -- 0.3 (exact) </code></pre></div>Constructor: <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">decimal('123.456') decimal('999999999999999999.999999999999') </code></pre></div>Use cases: Financial calculations, currency, exact arithmetic <hr> <h3 id="temporal-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Temporal Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="temporal-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Temporal Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="date" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> DATE <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="date" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: DATE"> Share link </button> </h4>Calendar date (year, month, day). Storage: 4 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN date('2026-01-28') AS d; -- Current date RETURN date() AS today; -- Components RETURN date('2026-01-28').year AS year; -- 2026 RETURN date('2026-01-28').month AS month; -- 1 RETURN date('2026-01-28').day AS day; -- 28 -- Arithmetic RETURN date('2026-01-28') + duration('P7D') AS next_week; </code></pre></div>Format: ISO 8601 (<code>YYYY-MM-DD</code>) <hr> <h4 id="time" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> TIME <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="time" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: TIME"> Share link </button> </h4>Time of day without timezone. Storage: 8 bytes (nanosecond precision) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN time('14:30:00') AS t; RETURN time('14:30:00.123456789') AS precise_time; -- Components RETURN time('14:30:45').hour AS hour; -- 14 RETURN time('14:30:45').minute AS minute; -- 30 RETURN time('14:30:45').second AS second; -- 45 </code></pre></div>Format: ISO 8601 (<code>HH:MM:SS[.nnnnnnnnn]</code>) <hr> <h4 id="timestamp" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> TIMESTAMP <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="timestamp" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: TIMESTAMP"> Share link </button> </h4>Date and time with optional timezone. Storage: 12 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN timestamp('2026-01-28T14:30:00Z') AS ts; RETURN timestamp('2026-01-28T14:30:00-05:00') AS ts_est; -- Current timestamp RETURN timestamp() AS now; -- Arithmetic MATCH (e:Event) WHERE e.created_at > timestamp() - duration('P30D') RETURN e.name; </code></pre></div>Format: ISO 8601 (<code>YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS[.nnn][Z|+HH:MM]</code>) <hr> <h4 id="zoned_datetime" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> ZONED_DATETIME <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="zoned_datetime" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: ZONED_DATETIME"> Share link </button> </h4>Date and time with explicit timezone. Storage: 16 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor with timezone RETURN zoned_datetime('2026-01-28T14:30:00', 'America/New_York') AS zdt; -- Timezone conversion RETURN zdt.in_timezone('Europe/London') AS london_time; </code></pre></div><hr> <h4 id="duration" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> DURATION <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="duration" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: DURATION"> Share link </button> </h4>Time span (ISO 8601 duration). Storage: 16 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN duration('P7D') AS one_week; -- 7 days RETURN duration('PT2H30M') AS two_half_hours; -- 2 hours 30 minutes RETURN duration('P1Y2M3DT4H5M6S') AS complex; -- 1 year, 2 months, ... -- Components RETURN duration('P7D').days AS days; -- 7 RETURN duration('PT2H30M').hours AS hours; -- 2 RETURN duration('PT2H30M').minutes AS mins; -- 30 -- Arithmetic RETURN timestamp() + duration('P7D') AS next_week; RETURN timestamp() - duration('PT1H') AS one_hour_ago; </code></pre></div>Format: ISO 8601 (<code>PnYnMnDTnHnMnS</code>) <hr> <h4 id="interval" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> INTERVAL <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="interval" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: INTERVAL"> Share link </button> </h4>Time range for overlap queries. Storage: 24 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN interval('[2026-01-01, 2026-01-31]') AS january; -- Open/closed bounds RETURN interval('[2026-01-01, 2026-02-01)') AS january_exclusive; -- Overlap query MATCH (e:Event) WHERE e.duration OVERLAPS interval('[2026-01-15, 2026-01-20]') RETURN e.name; -- Contains MATCH (e:Event) WHERE interval_contains(e.duration, timestamp('2026-01-15T12:00:00Z')) RETURN e.name; </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="collection-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Collection Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="collection-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Collection Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="list" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> LIST <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="list" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: LIST"> Share link </button> </h4>Ordered collection of values. Storage: Variable <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Literal RETURN [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] AS numbers; RETURN ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry'] AS fruits; -- Indexing (0-based) RETURN [10, 20, 30][0] AS first; -- 10 RETURN [10, 20, 30][2] AS third; -- 30 RETURN [10, 20, 30][-1] AS last; -- 30 (negative indexing) -- Slicing RETURN [1, 2, 3, 4, 5][1..3] AS slice; -- [2, 3] -- Functions RETURN size([1, 2, 3]) AS len; -- 3 RETURN head([1, 2, 3]) AS first; -- 1 RETURN tail([1, 2, 3]) AS rest; -- [2, 3] RETURN last([1, 2, 3]) AS final; -- 3 -- List comprehension RETURN [x * 2 FOR x IN [1, 2, 3]] AS doubled; -- [2, 4, 6] </code></pre></div><hr> <h4 id="map" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> MAP <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="map" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: MAP"> Share link </button> </h4>Key-value pairs (dictionary/object). Storage: Variable <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Literal RETURN {name: 'Alice', age: 30} AS person; -- Access RETURN {name: 'Alice'}.name AS name; -- 'Alice' RETURN {name: 'Alice'}['name'] AS name; -- 'Alice' -- Keys and values RETURN keys({a: 1, b: 2}) AS k; -- ['a', 'b'] RETURN values({a: 1, b: 2}) AS v; -- [1, 2] -- Merge RETURN {a: 1} + {b: 2} AS merged; -- {a: 1, b: 2} </code></pre></div><hr> <h4 id="set" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> SET <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="set" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: SET"> Share link </button> </h4>Unordered collection of unique values. Storage: Variable <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN set([1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3]) AS unique; -- {1, 2, 3} -- Operations RETURN set_union({1, 2}, {2, 3}) AS union; -- {1, 2, 3} RETURN set_intersect({1, 2}, {2, 3}) AS inter; -- {2} RETURN set_difference({1, 2, 3}, {2}) AS diff; -- {1, 3} -- Membership RETURN 2 IN {1, 2, 3} AS contains; -- true </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="vector-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Vector Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="vector-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Vector Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="vector_f32" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> VECTOR_F32 <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="vector_f32" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: VECTOR_F32"> Share link </button> </h4>32-bit floating-point vector for ML embeddings. Storage: 4 bytes per dimension <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4]'::vector_f32 AS v; -- From array RETURN vector_f32([0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4]) AS v; -- Distance functions RETURN vector_distance_l2(v1, v2) AS euclidean; RETURN vector_distance_cosine(v1, v2) AS cosine; RETURN vector_distance_dot(v1, v2) AS dot_product; -- Dimension RETURN vector_dimension(v) AS dims; </code></pre></div>Indexing: HNSW index for approximate nearest neighbor search <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">CREATE INDEX doc_embedding_idx ON :Document(embedding) USING VECTOR OPTIONS { metric: 'cosine', dimensions: 512 }; </code></pre></div><hr> <h4 id="vector_i32" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> VECTOR_I32 <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="vector_i32" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: VECTOR_I32"> Share link </button> </h4>32-bit integer vector. Storage: 4 bytes per dimension <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">RETURN '[1, 2, 3, 4]'::vector_i32 AS v; RETURN vector_i32([1, 2, 3, 4]) AS v; </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="geographic-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Geographic Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="geographic-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Geographic Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="latlon" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> LATLON <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="latlon" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: LATLON"> Share link </button> </h4>Latitude/longitude coordinate pair. Storage: 16 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN latlon(40.7128, -74.0060) AS nyc; -- Components RETURN latlon(40.7128, -74.0060).latitude AS lat; -- 40.7128 RETURN latlon(40.7128, -74.0060).longitude AS lon; -- -74.0060 -- Distance (meters) RETURN geo_distance( latlon(40.7128, -74.0060), latlon(34.0522, -118.2437) ) AS nyc_to_la; </code></pre></div>Indexing: Spatial (R-tree) index <hr> <h4 id="geopoint" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> GEOPOINT <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="geopoint" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: GEOPOINT"> Share link </button> </h4>Generic geographic point. Storage: 16 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">RETURN geopoint(40.7128, -74.0060) AS point; </code></pre></div><hr> <h4 id="polygon" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> POLYGON <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="polygon" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: POLYGON"> Share link </button> </h4>Geographic polygon (boundary). Storage: Variable <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor from points RETURN polygon([ latlon(40.70, -74.05), latlon(40.70, -73.95), latlon(40.75, -73.95), latlon(40.75, -74.05) ]) AS manhattan; -- Containment check MATCH (s:Store) WHERE geo_within_polygon(s.location, $manhattan_polygon) RETURN s.name; </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="network-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Network Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="network-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Network Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="ipaddr" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> IPADDR <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="ipaddr" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: IPADDR"> Share link </button> </h4>IPv4 or IPv6 address. Storage: 4 bytes (IPv4) or 16 bytes (IPv6) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN '192.168.1.100'::ipaddr AS ip4; RETURN '2001:db8::1'::ipaddr AS ip6; -- Version check RETURN ip_version('192.168.1.100'::ipaddr) AS version; -- 4 -- Subnet containment MATCH (s:Server) WHERE subnet_contains('192.168.0.0/16'::subnet, s.ip) RETURN s.hostname; </code></pre></div><hr> <h4 id="subnet" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> SUBNET <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="subnet" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: SUBNET"> Share link </button> </h4>IP network in CIDR notation. Storage: 5 bytes (IPv4) or 17 bytes (IPv6) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN '192.168.1.0/24'::subnet AS network; RETURN '10.0.0.0/8'::subnet AS large_network; -- Containment RETURN subnet_contains('10.0.0.0/8'::subnet, '10.1.2.3'::ipaddr); -- true -- Network address RETURN network_address('192.168.1.100/24'::subnet); -- 192.168.1.0 -- Broadcast address RETURN broadcast_address('192.168.1.0/24'::subnet); -- 192.168.1.255 </code></pre></div>Indexing: Patricia trie for efficient prefix queries <hr> <h4 id="macaddr" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> MACADDR <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="macaddr" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: MACADDR"> Share link </button> </h4>MAC (hardware) address. Storage: 6 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN '00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E'::macaddr AS mac; RETURN '001A.2B3C.4D5E'::macaddr AS mac_cisco; -- Manufacturer prefix RETURN mac_manufacturer_prefix('00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E'::macaddr); </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="structured-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Structured Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="structured-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Structured Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="json" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> JSON <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="json" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: JSON"> Share link </button> </h4>JSON text (stored as string, parsed on access). Storage: Variable (UTF-8 string) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN '{"name": "Alice", "age": 30}'::json AS j; -- Path access RETURN j->'name' AS name; -- "Alice" (as JSON string) RETURN j->>'name' AS name; -- Alice (as text) RETURN j->'tags'->0 AS first_tag; -- First array element </code></pre></div><hr> <h4 id="jsonb" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> JSONB <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="jsonb" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: JSONB"> Share link </button> </h4>Binary JSON (parsed and validated on insert). Storage: Variable (binary format) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN '{"name": "Alice", "tags": ["a", "b"]}'::jsonb AS j; -- Path access (same as JSON) RETURN j->'name' AS name; RETURN j->'tags'->0 AS first_tag; -- Containment RETURN '{"a": 1}'::jsonb @> '{"a": 1, "b": 2}'::jsonb; -- Does left contain right? -- Key existence RETURN '{"a": 1}'::jsonb ? 'a'; -- true </code></pre></div>Advantages over JSON: <ul> <li>Faster queries (pre-parsed)</li> <li>Indexable with JSONB inverted index</li> <li>Supports containment operators</li> </ul> <hr> <h3 id="identity-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Identity Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="identity-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Identity Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="uuid" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> UUID <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="uuid" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: UUID"> Share link </button> </h4>Universally Unique Identifier (128-bit). Storage: 16 bytes <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Generate random UUID (v4) RETURN gen_random_uuid() AS id; -- From string RETURN '550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000'::uuid AS id; -- Version RETURN uuid_version('550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000'::uuid); -- 4 </code></pre></div>Indexing: Hash index recommended for equality lookups <hr> <h4 id="hash" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> HASH <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="hash" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: HASH"> Share link </button> </h4>Cryptographic hash (e.g., SHA-256). Storage: Variable (depends on algorithm) <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- SHA-256 hash RETURN sha256('hello') AS hash; -- Store hash CREATE (:File { name: 'document.pdf', sha256: sha256(content) }); -- Compare MATCH (f:File) WHERE f.sha256 = sha256($input_content) RETURN f.name; </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="financial-types" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Financial Types <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="financial-types" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Financial Types"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="money" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> MONEY <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="money" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: MONEY"> Share link </button> </h4>Currency amount with precision. Storage: 8 bytes + currency code <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">-- Constructor RETURN money(99.99, 'USD') AS price; RETURN money(1234.56, 'EUR') AS euro_amount; -- Arithmetic (same currency only) RETURN money(10.00, 'USD') + money(5.50, 'USD') AS total; -- Currency code RETURN money(99.99, 'USD').currency AS code; -- 'USD' </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="type-conversion-reference" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Type Conversion Reference <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="type-conversion-reference" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Type Conversion Reference"> Share link </button> </h3> <h4 id="explicit-conversion-functions" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Explicit Conversion Functions <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="explicit-conversion-functions" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Explicit Conversion Functions"> Share link </button> </h4><table> <thead> <tr> <th>From</th> <th>To</th> <th>Function</th> <th>Example</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>STRING</td> <td>INTEGER</td> <td><code>toInteger()</code></td> <td><code>toInteger('42')</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>STRING</td> <td>FLOAT</td> <td><code>toFloat()</code></td> <td><code>toFloat('3.14')</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>STRING</td> <td>BOOLEAN</td> <td><code>toBoolean()</code></td> <td><code>toBoolean('true')</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>*</td> <td>STRING</td> <td><code>toString()</code></td> <td><code>toString(42)</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>FLOAT</td> <td>INTEGER</td> <td><code>toInteger()</code></td> <td><code>toInteger(3.7)</code> (truncates to 3)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>INTEGER</td> <td>FLOAT</td> <td><code>toFloat()</code></td> <td><code>toFloat(42)</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>LIST</td> <td>SET</td> <td><code>set()</code></td> <td><code>set([1,1,2])</code></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="implicit-type-promotion" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Implicit Type Promotion <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="implicit-type-promotion" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Implicit Type Promotion"> Share link </button> </h4><table> <thead> <tr> <th>Operation</th> <th>Result Type</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>INTEGER + INTEGER</td> <td>INTEGER</td> </tr> <tr> <td>INTEGER + FLOAT</td> <td>FLOAT</td> </tr> <tr> <td>FLOAT + FLOAT</td> <td>FLOAT</td> </tr> <tr> <td>INTEGER * FLOAT</td> <td>FLOAT</td> </tr> <tr> <td>INTEGER / INTEGER</td> <td>INTEGER (truncates)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>INTEGER / FLOAT</td> <td>FLOAT</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="type-checking-functions" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Type Checking Functions <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="type-checking-functions" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Type Checking Functions"> Share link </button> </h4><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-gql" data-lang="gql">RETURN type(value) AS type_name; RETURN value IS INTEGER AS is_int; RETURN value IS STRING AS is_string; RETURN value IS NULL AS is_null; </code></pre></div><hr> <h3 id="type-to-index-mapping" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Type-to-Index Mapping <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="type-to-index-mapping" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Type-to-Index Mapping"> Share link </button> </h3><table> <thead> <tr> <th>Type</th> <th>Recommended Index</th> <th>Operations Supported</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>INTEGER, STRING</td> <td>B-tree</td> <td>=, <, >, <=, >=, BETWEEN</td> </tr> <tr> <td>INTEGER, STRING</td> <td>Hash</td> <td>= (equality only)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>STRING (text)</td> <td>Full-text</td> <td>Text search, BM25</td> </tr> <tr> <td>JSONB</td> <td>JSONB inverted</td> <td>Path queries</td> </tr> <tr> <td>VECTOR_F32/I32</td> <td>HNSW</td> <td>Similarity search</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LATLON, GEOPOINT</td> <td>Spatial</td> <td>Distance, containment</td> </tr> <tr> <td>IPADDR, SUBNET</td> <td>Patricia trie</td> <td>Prefix, containment</td> </tr> <tr> <td>INTERVAL</td> <td>Interval tree</td> <td>Overlap queries</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <hr> <h3 id="related-documentation" class="position-relative d-flex align-items-center group"> Related Documentation <button type="button" class="h-share btn btn-link p-0 text-decoration-none link-secondary opacity-50 hover-opacity-100 transition-all ms-1" data-share-target="related-documentation" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Share link: Related Documentation"> Share link </button> </h3><ul> <li><a href="/docs/model/data-model-and-types/" >Data Model and Types</a> - Schema design guide</li> <li><a href="/docs/reference/type-conversion/" >Type Conversion</a> - Detailed conversion rules</li> <li><a href="/docs/reference/indexes/" >Index Types Reference</a> - Indexing by type</li> <li><a href="/docs/reference/operators/" >Operators Reference</a> - Type-compatible operators</li> </ul> <hr> Last Updated: January 28, 2026 Geode Version: v0.2.18+ Type Count: 50+ specialized types